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John Bowes (art collector)
John Bowes (19 June 1811 London – 9 October 1885 Streatlam, co. Durham) was an English art collector and thoroughbred racehorse owner who founded the Bowes Museum in Barnard Castle, Teesdale. Born into the wealthy coal mining descendants of George Bowes, he was the child of John Lyon-Bowes, 10th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1769–1820) and his mistress or common-law wife Mary Millner, later wife of Sir William Hutt.
==Illegitimate birth==
Because his parents were unmarried at the time of his birth,〔According to Augustus Hare, Strathmore went through a secret and false ceremony of marriage with Mary Millner to persuade her to live with him, and only revealed on his deathbed (in 1820) that he had never actually married her. Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act (1753) made common-law marriages legally invalid for the first time in British history; thus by English law, Strathmore and Millner were never married. If the pair had been domiciled in Scotland, the fact that Strathmore and Millner had lived together as man and wife would have been sufficient to establish a marriage. Hare claims that young John Bowes was enrolled at Eton as Lord Glamis.〕 he did not inherit the Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne title. All sources describe Bowes as the fully and openly acknowledged son of the 10th Earl.
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